New Markets
If we are to achieve our aims of reversing greenhouse gas pollution, and of drought-proofing Australia, then we must encourage the development in Australia of new skills and products for our own and for export markets. We have already established the feasibility of some energy-saving products, by trial installations of imported items, and could encourage the local manufacture of many products with a minimum of risk.
Where efficient and appropriate designs already exist, then we should encourage overseas manufacturers to establish Australian operations. Where there is no existing source, then we should encourage local research and development, and local manufacture. We need to add value to our physical resources.
Petrochemicals
We are wasting one of our most valuable resources, by burning high quality coal in power stations. It is the single largest cause of global warming, avoidable only with an incredible burden of carbon dioxide sequestration. However, we cannot ignore the energy needs of the developing countries, nor can we afford to shut-down our coal mining industry.
While we are developing less harmful methods of power generation, we should change our uses for coal to produce added-value products such as carbon fibre, gasoline, diesel fuel, lubricating oils, natural gas, hydrocarbons, plastics etc. In this way we could avoid redundancies in the industry, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and reduce our dependency upon oil imports.
Automatic Weather Stations
There are existing measurements of wind speed and solar radiation which were gathered by the Postmaster General's Department in the 60's, in preparation for the introduction of microwave repeaters and co-axial cable systems, between the capital cities. While this data will be of assistance in selecting suitable sites for wind and solar power generators, it is scant for most of rural Australia and must be of doubtful value once existing weather patterns are changed by global warming.
The existing data collection services should be expanded by adding inexpensive low-power unattended weather stations, which report limited accumulated data only, e.g. wind speed, rainfall, and solar radiation, perhaps daily or weekly.
Bio Fuels
Salvaged oils, fats, vegetable oils etc may be converted into diesel fuel which, when used to power i.c. engines produces less carbon dioxide emission than fossil fuels. (South Australia has an unused fuel terminal, at Port Stanvac, which could be re-commissioned as a bio-fuel refinery and ethanol plant.)
Ethanol
Choosing the most efficient source for the region, a variety of plant products may be converted economically into ethanol and used to power i.c. engines. Brazil uses up to 85% ethanol blended motor fuel and exports ethanol to the U.S. Up to 50% of Brazil's sugar crop is used to produce ethanol.
Many organic waste materials may be converted into methanol and ethanol.
Composting Toilets
Composting toilets may be installed to avoid the contamination of ground water by human waste. No water is added. Liquid is removed by evaporation through a tall exhaust pipe. The bin, which collects the solid waste and converts it into compost, is exchanged when nearly full, and the contents are added to other organic waste to produce a soil-improving compost.
No sewage treatment plant is required.
In disaster relief operations, composting toilets may be installed rapidly, to prevent the spread of disease. As no support system is required, the capital cost including installation expense is less than that of conventional sewerage systems.
Fuel Cells
A wide range of fuels, e.g. hydrogen, methane, methanol, ethanol etc, may be combined with oxygen in a fuel cell, at room temperature, in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The energy liberated by the chemical reaction is converted into electrical energy. Fuel cells may be used in any application for which a chemical battery would be suitable, e.g. low- to medium-power electricity generation, electric transportation, and will continue to operate as long as the fuel supply is connected and air (i.e. the oyygen source) is available. The life of the catalyst is determined by the type and purity of the fuel source.
A recent German development of a ceramic fuel cell provides unusually high efficiency. It may use methane or natural gas as fuel. The device has been incorporated into a module, to generate domestic power and hot water supply.
Some other potential market opportunities for Australia include:-
Transportable Non-polluting Water Purification/Desalination Plants
Gas Turbines
Steam Turbines
Alternators
Diesel IC Engines
Traction Batteries
Electric Traction Motors
Electrically-powered Commuter Vehicles
Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Plastic Panels
Stirling Engines
Wind Power Generators
Power Controllers for Electric Traction Systems
Power Controllers for Battery Chargers
Power Controllers for Solar Photovoltaic Generators
Power Controllers for Wind Generators
Single- and Multi-Phase Power Inverters
Pack-Flat Accommodation Modules
Re-Cycled Plastic Furniture
Uranium Concentration Centrifuges
Ship/Barge Mounted Nuclear Power Stations
Non-Portable Nuclear Power Stations
Wind-Power Stations
Solar Radiation Power Stations
Solar Photovoltaic Power Stations
Solar Photovoltaic Panels
Solar Water Heaters
Peltier Effect Air Conditioners & Refrigerators
Fuel Rod Assemblies for Nuclear Power Stations
Engineering Real[-Time Software Design
Remote Control & Supervisory Equipment
Data Logging Equipment
Telemetry Equipment
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